Ainda Forbes

Em postagem anterior destaquei o editorial de Steve Forbes, da revista de negócios Forbes, que atacava o MTM (mark-to-market, marcação a mercado). Em novo editorial, Forbes novamente ataca este método, chamando-o de bomba de destruição em massa. Como o texto é longo, destaco somente o trecho referente a contabilidade:

Even with Fannie and Freddie inflating the bubble and the Fed and the rest of the Bush Administration weakening the dollar, the crisis never would have become so unprecedentedly destructive but for a seemingly arcane accounting principle called mark-to-market, or fair value, accounting. The idea seems harmless: Financial institutions should adjust their balance sheets and their capital accounts when the market value of the financial assets they hold goes up or down. That works when you have very liquid securities, such as Treasurys or the common stock of IBM or GE. But when the credit crisis hit there was no market for subprime securities. Yet regulators and lawsuit-fearful auditors pressed banks and other financial firms to relentlessly knock down the book value of this subprime paper, even in cases where these obligations were being serviced in the payment of principal and interest. Mark-to-market became the weapon of mass destruction.

When banks wrote down the value of these assets they had to get new capital. The need for new capital was a signal to ratings agencies that these outfits might be in need of a credit-rating reduction. This forced financial firms to increase collateral for credit default swaps--which meant more calls for new capital.

Result: Investment banks that still had positive cash flows found themselves in a death spiral. Of the $600-plus billion that financial institutions have written off, almost all of it has been book writedowns, not actual cash losses. This accounting madness sank Fannie and Freddie this summer when the government effectively took them over and provided them with a $200 billion loan facility. The two entities are still cash positive and haven't drawn down a dime of this new line of credit.

Rigid mark-to-market accounting is similar to a highway that has a speed limit and a speed minimum. When snow appears on the road, bad road conditions cause drivers to go slowly. Under a mark-to-market concept, police would be ticketing these slow drivers for going below the minimum speed.

If this accounting asininity had been in effect during the banking trouble in the early 1990s, almost every major commercial bank in the U.S. would have collapsed. We would have had a second Great Depression.

Congress has made it clear that it wants mark-to-market suspended or abolished, but the SEC and the Treasury Department still refuse to meaningfully modify it. This is the one big piece of business left undone in ending the credit crisis.

How Capitalism Will Save Us; If sensible rescue efforts continue--and they will--the immediate crisis will quickly pass - Steve Forbes – Forbes – 10/11/2008 – 18 - Volume 182 Issue 9